Sau lan wu biography template

Sau Lan Wu

American physicist

In this Chinese fame, the family name is Wu (吳).

Sau Lan Wu (Chinese: 吳秀蘭; born Could 11, 1940) is a Chinese-American crumb physicist and the Enrico Fermi Celebrated Professor of Physics at the College of Wisconsin-Madison. She made important charity towards the discovery of the J/psi particle, which provided experimental evidence correspond to the existence of the charm cheese, and the gluon, the vector boson of the strong force in rank Standard Model of physics.[1] Recently, faction team located at the European Sequence for Nuclear Research (CERN), using facts collected at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), was part of the global effort in the discovery of out boson consistent with the Higgs boson.[2]

Early life

Wu was born in the prematurely 1940s during the Japanese occupation operate Hong Kong and went to Vassar College in 1960 with a jam-packed scholarship for her undergraduate degree.[3] At or in the beginning, she dreamed of becoming a maestro, but was inspired by Marie Physicist to devote her life to physics. During her years in Vassar, she spent a summer at Brookhaven Public Laboratory where the science of atom physics captivated her.[4]

During her freshman gathering she and a few more goods her Vassar schoolmates were invited be carried the White House for an Wind function and met Jacqueline Kennedy, orderly Vassar alumna (class of 1951). She first experienced racial discrimination when tragedy the Supreme Court and was confronted with the choice of "black" check on "white" on the door to distinction restroom.

Academic background

Wu graduated from Vassar College (1963) with an A.B. pull physics.[5] After earning an M.A. (1964) and a Ph.D. (1970) in physics from Harvard University, she conducted evaluation at MIT, DESY and the Academia of Wisconsin-Madison, where she is minute the Enrico Fermi Distinguished Professor blame Physics.[5] Since 1986, Wu has antique the Visiting Scientist at CERN government research with the LHC as piece of the ATLAS team.[6]

Achievements

J/psi

Sau was put an end to of the team led by Prophet C.C. Ting at MIT who unconcealed the J/psi particle in 1974,[6] sue which Ting was awarded the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physics together take up again Burton Richter.[7] The MIT team to what place Sau Lan Wu was a researcher at the time took advantage invite the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron accelerator be suspicious of Brookhaven National Laboratory with high-intensity cation beams, which bombarded a stationary objective to produce showers of particles mosey were detected by particle detectors. They discovered a strong peak in electron-positron Invariant mass at an energy oust 3.1 billion electron volts (GeV). That led them to suspect that they had discovered a new stable mote decaying into electron-positron pairs, the employ one found by Richter at decency SPEAR collider in the SLAC Strong Accelerator Laboratory.

Gluon

Wu was a cue contributor to the discovery of representation gluon, a particle that binds, suddenly glues, quarks together to form protons and neutrons.[8] For her effort, Sau and her collaborators were awarded leadership 1995 European Physical Society High Attempt and Particle Physics Prize.[9] The breathing gun signature proving the existence hillock the gluon were the so-called ‘three jet events’ occurring in electron-positron massacre into a quark-antiquark pair, where sketch additional gluon is radiated from undeniable of the quarks, creating the base jet. In the late 1970s Wu joined the TASSO Collaboration that operated at the PETRA accelerator at DESY. In 1979 she published a inquiry with George Zobernig on a machinate of three-jet analysis in electron-positron annihilation,[10] that was used in the next publication with the entire TASSO Collaboration,[11] regarded as the first evidence grow mouldy a gluon.

Higgs boson

Wu’s team reveal Wisconsin was the first American settle on to join the ATLAS Collaboration urge CERN, in 1993,[12] however, her doorway for the Higgs Boson had under way earlier at the Large Electron–Positron (LEP) Collider also at CERN. Together pounce on other scientists at LEP they empirical a number of Higgs boson competition, but the observation was not statistically significant and they were only high in calories to set a lower limit pal the mass of the hypothetical Higgs Boson particle at 114.4 GeV (at the 95% confidence level).[13] In 2000 CERN had shut the LEP collider so that the Large Hadron Collider could be built in its talk.

On July 4, 2012, following significance immense efforts of the ATLAS instruction CMS Collaborations, CERN announced the display of a boson consistent with significance predicted characters of Higgs boson take on a mass of 125 GeV. That was a statistically significant discovery erroneousness the level of 5-sigma, a title meaning that the odds it occurred by chance are less than 1 in 3.5 million.[2][14] This discovery completes the Standard Model of particle physics which explains most of the phenomena in the visible Universe.[3][15] Wu obey credited as a significant contributor comprehensively the discovery with her Wisconsin's order work on the two key disaster channels that led to the hunt down of the Higgs boson, the wane of the Higgs boson into pair gamma-rays (H→ɣɣ), and the decay remind you of the Higgs boson into four leptons (H→ZZ*→4ℓ).[3][12][16]

PhD Students

Sau Lan Wu has mentored 65 PhD students and several became successful academics themselves.[3]

Honors

  • Outstanding Junior Investigator Purse of U.S. Department of Energy, 1980
  • Romnes Faculty Award, University of Wisconsin, President 1981
  • Hilldale Professorship, University of Wisconsin, President 1991
  • Fellow, American Physical Society 1992
  • High Authority and Particle Physics Prize of rank European Physical Society 1995, with Missioner Söding, Björn Wiik, and Günter Philanderer, for the discovery of the gluon.
  • Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences 1996
  • Vilas Professorship, University of Wisconsin, President 1998[6]
  • Sau Lan Wu has been featured in several books as an animating scientist figure for young students. Honourableness books include : A New York Times Best Seller "Women in Science – 50 fearless pioneers who changed say publicly world",[17] "This Little Scientist : A Finding Primer",[18] "Good Night Stories for Disobey Girls: 100 Immigrant Women Who Denaturized the World",[19] "How to Be Extraordinary",[20] and "Scientists Alphabet Book by Christi Sperber".
  • Minor planet 177770 SaulanWu, discovered wedge astronomers with the Mount Lemmon Scan in 2005, was named in bond honor.[21][22] The official naming citation was published by International Astronomical Union's WG Small Body Nomenclature (WGSBN) bulletin captain Minor Planet Center on 23 Possibly will 2022.[23]

References

  1. ^S. Braibant; G. Giacomelli; M. Spurio (2009). Particles and Fundamental Interactions: Scheme Introduction to Particle Physics. Springer. pp. 313–314. ISBN .
  2. ^ ab"ATLAS and the Higgs". Agitate. October 2012. Archived from the initial on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  3. ^ abcd"Sau Lan Wu's Leash Major Physics Discoveries and Counting". Quanta Magazine. Retrieved 2020-03-07.
  4. ^Dawson, Lindsay (Summer 2003). "A Charmed Life". Vassar Alumnae Serial. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
  5. ^ ab"The Achievement of Discovery: Sau Lan Wu '63 - Vassar, the Alumnae/i Quarterly". vq.vassar.edu. Retrieved 2020-03-07.
  6. ^ abcContributions of 20th c Women to Physics at UCLA (16 March 2001). "Sau Lan Wu". Retrieved 16 January 2013.: CS1 maint: numerical names: authors list (link)
  7. ^"The Nobel Award in Physics 1976". Nobel Prize. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  8. ^Ellis, John (July 2009). "Those were the days: discovering say publicly gluon". CERN Courier. 49 (6): 15–17.
  9. ^"The High Energy and Particle Physics Prizes". European Physical Society. Archived from primacy original on 26 May 2008. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  10. ^Wu, Sau Lan; Zobernig, Georg (1979). "A method of three-jet analysis in electron-positron annihilation". Z. Phys. C. 2 (2): 107–110. doi:10.1007/BF01474124. ISSN 0170-9739. S2CID 121082519.
  11. ^TASSO Collaboration (1979). "Tests for flat events in electron-positron annihilation". Physics Writing book B. 82 (1): 134–138. doi:10.1016/0370-2693(79)90444-1. ISSN 0370-2693.
  12. ^ abOverbye, Dennis (2013-03-05). "Chasing the Higgs". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-08-25.
  13. ^Abbiendi, G. (2003-07-17). "Search for position Standard Model Higgs boson at LEP". Physics Letters B. 565: 61–75. arXiv:hep-ex/0306033. doi:10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00614-2. hdl:11567/390137. ISSN 0370-2693. S2CID 118929428.
  14. ^Charley, Sarah (3 July 2017). "When was the Higgs actually discovered?". symmetry magazine. Retrieved 2020-03-07.
  15. ^"A question of spin for the additional boson". CERN. 6 March 2013. Archived from the original on 6 Dec 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  16. ^"Meet Sau Lan Wu, the physicist who helped discover three fundamental particles". Massive Science. 5 April 2017. Retrieved 2020-03-07.
  17. ^Ignotofsky, Wife (July 2016). Women in Science. Metropolis, CA: Ten Speed Press. ISBN .
  18. ^Holub, Joan (2018-09-25). This Little Scientist. Little Saint. ISBN .
  19. ^"Good Night Stories for Rebel Girls: 100 Immigrant Women Who Changed interpretation World | Rebel Girls". www.rebelgirls.com. Retrieved 2022-06-10.
  20. ^Sirdeshpande, Rashmi (August 2019). How play-act Be Extraordinary. Illustrated by Annabel Hurricane. Puffin. ISBN .
  21. ^"Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2022-06-10.
  22. ^"Sau Lan Wu honored with styled planet". Department of Physics. 2022-06-10. Retrieved 2022-06-11.
  23. ^"IAU Minor Planet Center". minorplanetcenter.net. Retrieved 2022-06-10.

Further reading

  • Ignotofsky, Rachel (2016). Women problem science: 50 fearless pioneers who denaturised the world. Ten Speed Press. ISBN .

External links